History of Sindh

Thursday, October 22, 2009

Shahjahan Mosque, which was completed during the early years of his rule.

After the death of Aurangzeb, the Mughal Empire and its institutions began to decline. Various warring Nawabs took control of vast territories and ruled independently from the Mughal Emperor.

But Sindh faced many threats, Mian Yar Mouhammed Kalhoro (Khudabad) challenged the invader Nadir Shah but failed according to legend: to avenge the massacre of his allies he sent a small force to assassinate Nadir Shah and turn events in favour of the Mughal Emperor during the Battle of Karnal in 1739 but failed again.
[edit] British regime

The British East India Company made its first contacts in the Sindhi port city of Thatta which according to a report was: "a city as large as London containing 50,000 houses which were made of stone and mortar with large verandahs some three or four stories high the the textiles of Sind were the flower of the whole produce of the East, the international commerce of Sind gave it a place among that of Nations, Thatta has 400 schools and 4000 ships at its docks, the city is guarded by well armed Sepoys..."
Flag House, colonial styled building built during the British Raj.

British and Bengal Presidency forces under General Charles James Napier arrived in Sindh in the nineteenth century and conquered Sindh in 1843.

After defeating the Sindhi coalition led by Talpurs and Kalhoras under command of the Sindhi general Mir Nasir Khan Talpur in the fierce Battle of Miani during which 50,000 Sindhis were killed shortly after the defeat Mir Sher Muhammad Talpur commanded another army which fought at the Battle of Dubbo where the young Sindhi general Hoshu Sheedi and 5,000 Sindhis were killed. The first Agha Khan helped the British in their conquest of Sindh and as result he was granted a lifetime pension.

Within weeks Charles Napier and his forces occupied Sindh. After 1853, the British divided Sindh into districts, in each district the they assigned a ruthless Wadera to collect taxes for the British authorities. Wealthy businesses owned by Sindhi Muslim merchants were handed over to the minority Hindu Brahmans leading the province to further unrest and a severe economic depression.

In a highly controversial move, Sindh was later made part of British India's Bombay Presidency much to the surprise of the local population, who found the decision offensive and a powerful unrest followed after which Twelve Martial Laws were imposed by the British authorities. Shortly afterwards, the decision was reversed and Sindh became a separate province in 1935.

The British ruled the area for a century. According to Richard Burton Sindh was one of the most restive provinces during the British Raj and was home to many prominent Muslim leaders such as Muhammad Ali Jinnah who strove for greater Muslim autonomy.
[edit] Modern history after independence of Pakistan

On 14 August 1947 Pakistan gained independence from colonial British colonial rule. The province Sindh attained self rule, the first time since the defeat of Sindhi Talpur Amirs in the Battle of Miani on 17 February 1843. The first challenge faced by the Government of Sindh was the settlement of Muslim refugees. Nearly 7 million Muslims from India migrated to Pakistan while nearly equal number of Hindus and Sikhs from Pakistan migrated to India. The Muslim refugees known as Muhajirs from India settled in most urban areas of Sindh. Sindh at the time of partition was home to a large number of Hindus who accounted for 27% of the total population of the province. They were more concentrated in the urban centres of the province and had a strong hold on the province's economy and business. Although the relations between the local Muslims and Hindus were good but with the arrival of Muslim refugees in the urban centres of the province, Hindus started to feel unsafe. Many of Sindh's Hindu community where further enticed by their co-relgionists in India to depart with all their belongings and financial capital to further cripple the new nation.

Sindh did not witness any massive level genocide as other parts of the Subcontinent (especially Punjab region) did, comparatively there were few incidents of riots in Karachi and Hyderabad but over all situation remained peaceful mainly due to the efforts of the Muslim Chief Minister of Sindh Mr. Ayub Khuhro. According to 1998 census, there were 2.3 million Hindus in Sindh forming around 7% of the total population of the province[5]. Sindhi Hindus in Pakistan (i.e caste Hindus accounting for 86% of the total Hindu population of Pakistan as of 1998 census) are mainly into small to medium sized businesses. They are mainly traders, retailer/wholesalers, builders as well as into the fields of medical, engineering, law and financial services. However the scheduled caste Hindus (Dalits) are in a poorer state with most of them as bonded labour in the rural areas of the province. Most of the Muslim refugees are settled in urban areas of Sindh especially in Karachi and Hyderabad.

Since Pakistan's Independence in 1947, Sindh has been the destination of a continuous stream of migration from South Asian countries like Bangladesh, Burma, and Afghanistan as well as Pashtun and Punjabi immigrants from the North West Frontier Province and the Punjab Province of Pakistan to Karachi. This is due to the fact that Karachi is the economic magnet of Pakistan attracting people from all over Pakistan. Many native Sindhis resent this influx. Nonetheless, traditional Sindhi families remain prominent in Pakistani politics, especially the Bhutto, Zardari and Soomro dynasties. Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the Founder of Pakistan, was from Karachi, of Gujarati descent.
[edit] Pakistan Resolution in the Sindh Assembly

The Sindh assembly was the first British Indian legislature to pass the resolution in favour of Pakistan.
[edit] Provincial government
Main article: Government of Sindh

The Provincial Assembly of Sindh is unicameral and consists of 168 seats of which 5% are reserved for non-Muslims and 17% for women. The provincial capital of Sindh is Karachi.
[edit] Politics

Sindh is a strong hold of Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP). The PPP is the largest political party of Sindh. And Sindh is known as PPP's home. Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM) is the second largest political party of Sindh with concentration in the city Karachi.
[edit] Districts
The twenty three districts of Sindh, Pakistan

There are 23 districts in Sindh, Pakistan.[6]

1. Karachi
2. Jamshoro
3. Thatta
4. Badin
5. Tharparkar
6. Umerkot
7. Mirpur Khas
8. Tando Allahyar
9. Matiari
10. Tando Muhammad Khan
11. Hyderabad
12. Sanghar
13. Khairpur
14. Nawabshah
15. Dadu
16. Qambar Shahdadkot
17. Larkana
18. Naushahro Feroze
19. Ghotki
20. Shikarpur
21. Jacobabad
22. Sukkur
23. Kashmore

[edit] Major cities
Main article: List of cities in Sindh

* Badin
* Dadu
* Daharki
* Diplo
* Ghotki
* Ghambat
* Hala
* Hyderabad
* Jacobabad
* Jamshoro
* Karachi
* Kashmore
* Khairpur
* Larkana
* matli
* Mirpurkhas
* Mithi
* Nasarpur
* Nawabshah
* Raharki
* Ranipur
* Ratodero
* Sanghar
* Sekhat
* Shikarpur
* Sobhodero
* Rohri
* Sukkur
* Tando Jam
* Tando Muhammad Khan
* Thatta
* Ubaro
* Umarkot
* Moro
* Mir Pur Sakro

* Kotri

[edit] Economy
A view of Karachi downtown, the capital of Sindh province
GDP by Province

Sindh has the 2nd largest economy in Pakistan. Historically, Sindh's contribution to Pakistan's GDP has been between 30% to 32.7%. Its share in the Service sector has ranged from 21% to 27.8% and in the Agriculture sector from 21.4% to 27.7%. Performance wise, its best sector, is the Manufacturing sector, where its share has ranged from 36.7% to 46.5%.[7]

Endowed with coastal access, Sindh is a major centre of economic activity in Pakistan and has a highly diversified economy ranging from heavy industry and finance centred in and around Karachi to a substantial agricultural base along the Indus. Manufacturing includes machine products, cement, plastics, and various other goods.

Agriculture is very important in Sindh with cotton, rice, wheat, sugar cane, bananas, and mangoes as the most important crops. Sindh is the richest province in natural resources of gas, petrol, and coal.
[edit] Flora and fauna
See also: Fauna of Sindh
See also: Flora of Sindh
Provincial symbols of Sindh Provincial emblem Coat of arms of Sindh Sindh Coat of Arms PK.PNG
Provincial flag Flag of Sindh Flag of Sindh.PNG
Provincial language سنڌي (unofficial) Nastaliq-proportions.jpg
Provincial animal Sindh Ibex
Provincial bird Sind Sparrow
Provincial tree Capparis decidua Kair.jpg
Provincial flower Water Hyacinth Common Water hyacinth.jpg

The province is mostly arid with scant vegetation except for the irrigated Indus Valley. The dwarf palm, Acacia Rupestris (kher), and Tecomella undulata (lohirro) trees are typical of the western hill region. In the Indus valley, the Acacia nilotica (babul) (babbur) is the most dominant and occurs in thick forests along the Indus banks. The Azadirachta indica (neem) (nim), Zizyphys vulgaris (bir) (ber), Tamarix orientalis (jujuba lai) and Capparis aphylla (kirir) are among the more common trees.

Mango, date palms, and the more recently introduced banana, guava, orange, and chiku are the typical fruit-bearing trees. The coastal strip and the creeks abound in semi-aquatic and aquatic plants, and the inshore Indus delta islands have forests of Avicennia tomentosa (timmer) and Ceriops candolleana (chaunir) trees. Water lilies grow in abundance in the numerous lake and ponds, particularly in the lower Sindh region.

Among the wild animals, the Sindh ibex (sareh), wild sheep (urial or gadh) and black bear are found in the western rocky range, where the leopard is now rare. The pirrang (large tiger cat or fishing cat) of the eastern desert region is also disappearing. Deer occur in the lower rocky plains and in the eastern region, as do the striped hyena (charakh), jackal, fox, porcupine, common gray mongoose, and hedgehog. The Sindhi phekari, ped lynx or Caracal cat, is found in some areas. In the Kirthar national park of sind, there is a project to introduce tigers and Asian elephants .

Phartho (hog deer) and wild bear occur particularly in the central inundation belt. There are a variety of bats, lizards, and reptiles, including the cobra, lundi (viper), and the mysterious Sindh krait of the Thar region, which is supposed to suck the victim's breath in his sleep. Crocodiles are rare and inhabit only the backwaters of the Indus and the eastern Nara channel. Besides a large variety of marine fish, the plumbeous dolphin, the beaked dolphin, rorqual or blue whale, and a variety of skates frequent the seas along the Sind coast. The pallo (sable fish), a marine fish, ascends the Indus annually from February to April to spawn.
[edit] Education
Year Literacy rate
1972 30.2%
1981 31.5%
1998 45.29%
2008 57.7%

Sources:[8][9]

This is a chart of the education market of Sindh estimated by the government in 1998.[10]
Qualification Urban Rural Total Enrollment ratio (%)
— 14,839,862 15,600,031 30,439,893 —
Below Primary 1,984,089 3,332,166 5,316,255 100.00
Primary 3,503,691 5,687,771 9,191,462 82.53
Middle 3,073,335 2,369,644 5,442,979 52.33
Matriculation 2,847,769 2,227,684 5,075,453 34.45
Intermediate 1,473,598 1,018,682 2,492,280 17.78
BA, BSc… degrees 106,847 53,040 159,887 9.59
MA, MSc… degrees 1,320,747 552,241 1,872,988 9.07
Diploma, Certificate… 440,743 280,800 721,543 2.91
Other qualifications 89,043 78,003 167,046 0.54

Major public and private institutes includes:

* Adamjee Government Science College
* Aga Khan University
* APIIT
* Applied Economics Research Centre
* Bahria University
* College of Digital Sciences
* College of Physicians & Surgeons Pakistan
* COMMECS Institute of Business and Emerging Sciences
* D. J. Science College
* Dawood College of Engineering and Technology
* Defence Authority Degree College for Men
* Dow International Medical College
* Dow University of Health Sciences
* Fatima Jinnah Dental College
* Federal Urdu University
* Government College for Men Nazimabad
* Government College of Commerce & Economics
* Government College of Technology, Karachi
* Government Dehli College
* Government National College (Karachi)
* Hamdard University
* Hussain Ebrahim Jamal Research Institute of Chemistry
* Indus Valley Institute of Art and Architecture
* Institute of Business Administration, Karachi
* Institute of Industrial Electronics Engineering
* Institute of Sindhology
* Iqra University
* Islamia Science College (Karachi)
* Isra University
* Jinnah Medical & Dental College
* Jinnah Polytechnic Institute
* Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre
* Jinnah University for Women
* KANUPP Institute of Nuclear Power Engineering
* Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences
* Mehran University of Engineering and Technology
* Mumtaz College (Khairpur)
* Mohammad Ali Jinnah University
* National Academy of Performing Arts
* National University of Sciences and Technology
* NED University of Engineering and Technology
* Ojha Institute of Chest Diseases
* PAF Institute of Aviation Technology
* Pakistan Navy Engineering College
* Pakistan Shipowners' College
* Pakistan Steel Cadet College
* Peoples Medical Girls College Nawabshah
* Provincial Institute of Teachers Education Nawabshah
* Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Sciences and Technology, Nawabshah
* Rana Liaquat Ali Khan Government College of Home Economics
* Rehan College of Education
* Saint Patrick's College, Karachi
* Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai University
* Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology
* Sindh Agriculture University
* Sindh Medical College
* Superior College of Science Hyderabad
* Sindh Muslim Law College
* Sir Syed Government Girls College
* Sir Syed University of Engineering and Technology
* St. Joseph's College
* Textile Institute Of Pakistan
* University of Karachi
* University of Sindh
* Usman Institute of Technology
* Ziauddin Medical University

There are six Cadet Colleges also. Admission to state run educational institutions in Pakistan is based on the provincial level. The other three provinces have a merit-based intraprovincial admission policy. Sindh is an exception to this general rule, where admissions are allowed on district domiciles of the candidates and their parents. This arrangement discriminates against meritorious students of Sindhi ethnic background, denying them admission to educational institutes and courses of their choice. Currently there is a lot of resentment of this admission policy. Sindhis are demanding intraprovincial merit-based admissions to state run educational institutes, similar to the one existing in other provinces. This will provide equal opportunities to all students of Sindh. Furthermore, the armed forces have also entered the education sector. They are funded by government and operate like private costly education providers.
[edit] Arts and crafts
Main article: Places of historical interest in Sindh

The skill of the Sindhi craftsman continues to exhibit the 5000-year-old artistic tradition. The long span of time, punctuated by fresh and incessant waves of invaders and settlers, provided various exotic modes of arts which, with the passage of time, got naturalized on the soil. The perfected surface decorations of objects of everyday use - clay, metal, wood, stone or fabrics, with the floral and geometrical designs - can be traced back to the Muslim influence.

Though chiefly an agricultural and pastoral province, Sindh has a reputation for Ajrak, pottery, leatherwork, carpets, textiles, and silk cloth which, in design and finish, are matchless. The chief articles produced are blankets, coarse cotton cloth (soosi) camel fittings, metalwork, lacquered work, enamel, gold and silver embroidery. Hala is famous for pottery and tiles; Boobak for carpets; Nasirpur, Gambat and Thatta for cotton lungees and Khes. The earthenware of Johi, metal vessels of Shikarpur, relli, embroidery, and leather articles of Tharparkar, and lacquered work of Kandhkot are some of the other popular crafts.

The pre-historic finds from different archaeological sites such as Mohenjo-daro, engravings in various graveyards, and the architectural designs of Makli and other tombs provide ample evidence of the people in their literary and musical traditions.

Modern painting and calligraphy have also developed in recent times and some young trained men have taken up commercial art collections.
[edit] Cultural heritage
Main article: Sindhi culture
Probably the floor of first mosque in Subcontinent
Mohenjo-daro was the center of the Indus Valley Civilization 3000 BCE-1700 BCE
Sindhi women collecting water from a reservoir on the way to Mubarak Village

Sindh has a rich heritage of traditional handicraft that has evolved over the centuries. Perhaps the most professed exposition of Sindhi culture is in the handicrafts of Hala, a town some 30 kilometres from Hyderabad. Hala’s artisans are manufacturing high quality and impressively priced wooden handicrafts, textiles, paintings, handmade paper products, blue pottery, etc. Lacquered wood works known as Jandi, painting on wood, tiles, and pottery known as Kashi, hand woven textiles including Khadi, Susi, and Ajrak are synonymous with Sindhi culture preserved in Hala’s handicraft.

The Small and Medium Enterprises Authority (SMEDA) is planning to set up an organization of artisans to empower the community. SMEDA is also publishing a directory of the artisans so that exporters can directly contact them. Hala is the home of a remarkable variety of traditional crafts and traditional handicrafts that carry with them centuries of skill that has woven magic into the motifs and designs used.[citation needed]

Sindh is known the world over for its various handicrafts and arts. The work of Sindhi artisans was sold in ancient markets of Armenia, Baghdad, Basra, Istanbul, Cairo and Samarkand. Referring to the lacquer work on wood locally known as Jandi, T. Posten an English traveller who visited Sindh in early 19th century said, the articles of Hala could be compared with exquisite specimens of China.[citation needed] Technological improvements were gradually introduced such as the spinning wheel charkha and treadle pai-chah in the weavers’ loom, to increase refinement in designing, dyeing and printing by block. Painting process amounted for a much higher volume of output. The refined, lightweight, colourful, washable fabrics from Hala became a luxury for people used to only woollens and linens of the age.

Ajrak has been in Sindh since the birth of its civilization. Blue colour is dominantly used in Ajrak. Also, Sindh was traditionally a large producer of indigo and cotton cloth and both used to be exported to the Middle East. Ajrak is a mark of respect when it is given to an honoured quest, friend or woman. In Sindh, it is most commonly given as a gift at Eid, at weddings, or on other special occasions - like homecoming. Along with Ajrak the Rilli or patchwork sheet, is another Sindhi icon and part of the heritage and culture. Every Sindhi home will have set of Rillis - one for each member of the family and few spare for guests. Rilli is made with different small pieces of different geometrical shapes of cloths sewn together to create intricate designs.

Rilhi is also given as a gift to friends and visitors. It is used as a bedspread as well as a blanket. A beautifully sewn Rilli can also become part of a bride or grooms gifts. Rural women in Sindh are skilful in producing Sindhi caps. Sindhi caps are manufactured commercially on a small scale at New Saeedabad and Hala New. These are in demand with visitors from Karachi and other places and these manufacturing units have very limited production due to lack of marketing facilities.
Portrait of a Hindu girl from Sindh

Portrait of a Muslim girl from Sindh

Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Junior in traditional Sindhi dress

Japanese in Sindhi dress
Mir Muhammad Naseer Khan Talpur the last ruler of Sindh

The great Pakistani Sufi singer, Abida Parveen visited Oslo in September 2007

Pride of Sindhi nation Shaheed Pir Sabeghatullah Shah Rashidi ( Soreh Badshah)

Pacco Qillo Fort Round Tower
[edit] The Sindhi language
Main article: Sindhi language

Sindhī (Arabic script: سنڌي, Devanagari script: सिन्धी) is spoken by about 15 million people in the province of Sindh. The largest Sindhi-speaking city is Hyderabad, Pakistan. It is an Indo-European language, related to Kutchi, Gujarati and other Indo-European languages prevalent in the region with substantial Persian, Turkish and Arabic loan words. In Pakistan it is written in a modified Arabic script.
[edit] Places of interest
See also: Places of Historical Interest in Sindh
Ranikot Fort
Gorakh Hill Top
Faiz Mahal, Khairpur

Sindh has numerous tourist sites with the most prominent being the ruins of Mohenjo-daro near the city of Larkana. Islamic architecture is quite prominent in the province with the Jama Masjid in Thatta built by the Mughal emperor Shahjahan and numerous mausoleums dot the province including the very old Shahbaz Qalander mausoleum dedicated to the Iranian-born Sufi and the beautiful mausoleum of Muhammad Ali Jinnah known as the Mazar-e-Quaid in Karachi.

* Aror (ruins of historical city) near Sukkur.
* Chaukandi Tombs, Karachi.
* Forts at Hyderabad and Umarkot
* Gorakh Hill near Dadu.
* Kahu-Jo-Darro near Mirpurkhas.
* Kotri Barrage near Hyderabad.
* Makli Graveyard, Asia's Biggest, Makli, Thatta.
* Mazar-e-Quaid Karachi.
* Minar-e-Mir Masum Shah, Sukkur.
* Mohatta Palace Museum, Karachi.
* Rani Bagh, Hyderabad.
* Ranikot Fort near Sann.
* Ruins of Mohenjo-daro & Museum near Larkana.
* Sadhu Bela Temple near Sukkur.
* Shahjahan Mosque, Thatta.
* Shrine of Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai, Bhit Shah.
* Shrine of Shahbaz Qalander, Sehwan Shairf.
* Sukkur barrage, Sukkur.
* Kot Diji Fort, Kot Diji
* Talpurs' Faiz Mahal Palace, Khairpur (princely state).

[edit] Famous peopleNote: Regarding those personalities who were born before 1947 and lived until after independence, the criteria used for judging which list to put them under is when did this person first make a name for themselves, e.g., Mohammad Ali Jinnah.

Historical personalities

* Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai
* Sachal Sarmast
* Shah Inayatullah
* Sami
* Abdullah Shah Ghazi
* Muhammad Ali Jinnah
* Jam Nizamuddin II
* Jam Ferozudin
* Jam Unar
* Jam Sanjar
* Jam Tamachi
* Sardar Darya Khan
* Mian Adam Shah Kalhoro, Amir
* Yar Mouhammed Kalhoro (Khudabad), Amir
* Main Noor Mohammad Kalhoro, Amir
* Mian Ghuam Shah Kalhoro (Shah Wardi Khan), Amir
* Muhammad Muradyab Khan (Nawab Sarbuland Khan), Amir
* Mir Sher Muhammad Talpur
* Gernal Hosh Mohammad Sheedi
* Mir Ali Murad Talpur
* Mir Allahyar Talpur
* Abdul Raheem Grohirri
* Sibghatullah Shah Rashidi
* Molana Ubaidullah Sindhi
* Maulana deen Muhammad Wafai
* Saaen G.M Sayed

Pre-Independence (pre-1947)

* Fatima Jinnah
* Sir Abdullah Haroon
* Qazi Faiz Mohammad
* Sir Ghulam Hussain Hidayat Ullah
* Allah Bux Soomro
* Raees-Ul-Muhajireen Barrister Jan Muhammad Junejo
* Pir Pagaro
* Aga Khan III
* Seth Edulji Dinshaw
* Elsa Kazi
* Khan Bahadur Ghulam Nabi Kazi
* Khan Bahadur Muhmmad Ayub Khuhro
* Pir Illahi Bakhsh
* Allah Bux Soomro
* Abdul Sattar Pirzada
* Khan Sahib Ali Bux Channa
* Nana Ghulam Ally
* Jamshed Nusserwanjee
* Nadirshaw Edulji Dinshaw
* Khan Bahadur Allah Bux Gabole
* K. R. Malkani
* Molana Din Mohammad Wafai
* Syed Hussain Shah He was Pakistan's first boxer to win any medal in olympic boxing

[edit] Technocrats

* Samshad Akhtar
* Shaikh Ayaz
* N M Uquaili
* A G N Kazi

[edit] Judges and lawyers

* Justice Fakhruddin G Ebrahim
* A K Brohi
* Abdul Hafeez Pirzada
* Justice Tufail Ali Abdul Rehman Zubedi
* Barrister Hassanally A. Rahman Zubedi
* Justice Abdul Hafeez Memon
* Justice Rana Bhagwandas
* Justice Z.A. Channa
* Justice Tufail Ali Abdul Rehman
* Justice Abdul Kadir Sheikh
* Justice Sajjad Ali Shah
* Justice Mamoon Kazi

[edit] Post independence

* Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto
* Benazir Bhutto
* Muhammad Khan Junejo
* Rasool Bux Palijo
* Miskeen Jahan Khan Khoso
* Air Marshal M Azim Daudpota
* Aftab Shaban Mirani
* Yusuf Haroon
* Murtaza Bhutto

Scholars

* Abul Hassan (First ever translation of Holy Quran made from Arabic to Sindhi Language
* Molana Ubaidullah Sindhi
* Hafiz-ul-milat Hafiz Muhammad Siddique Of Bhar Chandi
* Makhdum Muhammad Hashim Thatwi
* Moalana Taj Mohammad Amrothi
* Allama Ghulam Mustafa Qasmi
* Shams-ul-Ulama Mirza Kalich Baig
* Raees-Ul-Muhajireen Barrister Jan Muhammad Junejo
* Shamsul Ulema Dr Umar Bin Muhammad Daudpota
* Allama Ali Khan Abro
* Maulana deen Muhammad Wafai
* Dr. Ghulam Ali Allana
* Allama I. I. Kazi
* Atta Mohammad Hami
* Allama Ali Sher Hydri
* Dr Mubarak Ali
* Makhdoom Bilawal
* Shaikh Mubarak Sindhi
* Makhdoom Muhammad Zaman Talibul Mola

Entertainment

* Abida Parveen
* Mohammed Ali
* Waheed Murad
* Allan Faqir
* Sarmad Sindhi
* Anwar Maqsood
* Moin Akhtar
* Bushra Ansari
* Talat Hussain
* Ahmed Mughal
* Ashiq Nizamani
* Govind Nihalani
* Fozia Soomro
* Jalal Chandio
* Ramesh Sippy
* Mai Bhaggi
* Faisal Malik
* Waqar Zaka
* Professor Ram Panjwani
* Mohammad Ali Charles(Dino)
* Saifudin A. Channa

Authors

* Muhammad Ibrahim Joyo
* Hassam-ud-Din Rashidi
* Dr. Umar Bin Muhammad Daudpota
* Mirza Qalich Baig
* Allama I. I. Kazi
* Qazi Faiz Mohammad
* Nabi Bux Khan Baloch
* Elsa Kazi
* Ali Muhammad Rashidi
* Bedil Masroor
* Jamal Abro
* G.M. Syed
* Agha Salim
* Pir Ali Muhammad Shah Rashidi
* Professor Amina Khamisani-Channa
* Anwar Pirzado
* Kalyan Advani

Poets

* Shah Abdul Latif Bhitai
* Sachal Sarmast
* Shaikh Ayaz
* Abdul-Qādir Bēdil
* Shah Abdul Karim Bulri
* Shah Inayatullah
* Imdad Hussaini
* Elsa Kazi
* Anwar Pirzado
* Minyoon Shah Inayat
* Behzad Lakhnawi
* Dadan Fakeer
* Adal Soomro
* Ayaz Gul